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        <h1 class="reader-title">Greenhouse gas emissions at 'all-time
          high' causing unprecedented rate of global warming, warn
          scientists</h1>
        <div class="credits reader-credits">Science X</div>
        <div class="credits reader-credits">June 8, 2023 </div>
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                data-sub-html="Credit: Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain">
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                    src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800a/2022/climate-change-14.jpg"
                    alt="climate change" title="Credit: Pixabay/CC0
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                    width="410" height="271"> <figcaption> Credit:
                    Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain </figcaption> </figure>
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              <p>Human-caused global warming has continued to increase
                at an "unprecedented rate" since the last major
                assessment of the climate system published two years
                ago, say 50 leading scientists. </p>
              <p>One of the researchers said the analysis was a "timely
                wake-up call" that the pace and scale of climate action
                has been insufficient, and it comes as <a
                  href="https://phys.org/tags/climate+experts/"
                  rel="tag">climate experts</a> meet in Bonn to prepare
                the ground for the major COP28 climate conference in the
                UAE in December, which will include a stocktake of
                progress towards keeping <a
                  href="https://phys.org/tags/global+warming/" rel="tag">global
                  warming</a> to 1.5°C by 2050.
              </p>
              <p>Given the speed at which the <a
                  href="https://phys.org/tags/global+climate+system/"
                  rel="tag">global climate system</a> is changing, the
                scientists argue that policymakers, climate negotiators
                and <a
                  href="https://phys.org/tags/civil+society+groups/"
                  rel="tag">civil society groups</a> need to have access
                to up-to-date and robust scientific evidence on which to
                base decisions.
              </p>
              <p>The authoritative source of scientific information on
                the state of the climate is the UN's Intergovernmental
                Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) but the turnaround time
                for its major assessments is five or ten years, and that
                creates an "information gap," particularly when climate
                indicators are changing rapidly.
              </p>
              <p>In an initiative being led by the University of Leeds,
                the scientists have developed an <a
                  href="https://phys.org/tags/open+data/" rel="tag">open
                  data</a>, open science platform—the <a
                  href="https://climatechangetracker.org/igcc">Indicators
                  of Global Climate Change</a> and website (<a
                  href="https://igcc.earth/"
                  class="moz-txt-link-freetext">https://igcc.earth/</a>).
                It will update information on key climate indicators
                every year.
              </p>
              <h2>Critical decade for climate change </h2>
              <p>The Indicators of Global Climate Change Project is
                being coordinated by Professor Piers Forster, Director
                of the Priestley Centre for Climate Futures at Leeds. He
                said, "This is the critical decade for climate change.
                Decisions made now will have an impact on how much
                temperatures will rise and the degree and severity of
                impacts we will see as a result.
              </p>
              <p>"Long-term warming rates are currently at a long-term
                high, caused by highest-ever levels of <a
                  href="https://phys.org/tags/greenhouse+gas+emissions/"
                  rel="tag">greenhouse gas emissions</a>. But there is
                evidence that the rate of increase in greenhouse gas
                emissions has slowed.
              </p>
              <p>"We need to be nimble footed in the face of climate
                change. We need to change policy and approaches in the
                light of the latest evidence about the state of the
                climate system. Time is no longer on our side. Access to
                up-to-date information is vitally important."
              </p>
              <p>Writing in the journal <i>Earth System Science Data</i>,
                the scientists have revealed how key indicators have
                changed since the publication of the IPCC's Sixth
                Assessment Working Group 1 report in 2021, which
                produced the key data that fed into the subsequent IPCC
                Sixth Synthesis Report. </p>
              <h2>What the updated indicators show </h2>
              <ul>
                <li>Human-induced warming, largely caused by the burning
                  of fossil fuels, reached an average of 1.14°C for the
                  most recent decade (2013 to 2022) above pre-industrial
                  levels. This is up from 1.07°C between 2010 and 2019.
                </li>
                <li>Human-induced warming is now increasing at a pace of
                  over 0.2°C per decade. </li>
                <li>The analysis also found that greenhouse gas
                  emissions were "at an all-time high," with human
                  activity resulting in the equivalent of 54 (+/-5.3)
                  gigatons (or billion metric tons) of carbon dioxide
                  being released into the atmosphere on average every
                  year over the last decade (2012-2021). </li>
                <li>There has been positive move away from burning coal,
                  yet this has come at a short-term cost in that it has
                  added to global warming by reducing particulate
                  pollution in the air, which has a cooling effect. </li>
              </ul>
              <h2>'Indicators critical to address climate crisis' </h2>
              <p>Professor Maisa Rojas Corradi, Minister of the
                Environment in Chile, IPCC author and a scientist
                involved in this study, said, "An annual update of key
                indicators of global change is critical in helping the
                international community and countries to keep the
                urgency of addressing the climate crisis at the top of
                the agenda and for evidence-based decision-making.
              </p>
              <p>"In line with the 'ratchet-mechanism' of increasing
                ambition envisioned by the Paris Agreement we need
                scientific information about emissions, concentration,
                and temperature as often as possible to keep
                international climate negotiations up to date and to be
                able to adjust and if necessary correct national
                policies. In the case of Chile, we have a <a
                  href="https://phys.org/tags/climate+change/" rel="tag">climate
                  change</a> law that aims at aligning government-wide
                policies with climate action."
              </p>
              <h2>Remaining carbon budget </h2>
              <p>One of the major findings of the analysis is the rate
                of decline in what is known as the remaining carbon
                budget, an estimate of how much carbon that can be
                released into the atmosphere to give a 50% chance of
                keeping global temperature rise within 1.5°C.
              </p>
              <p>In 2020, the IPCC calculated the remaining carbon
                budget was around 500 gigatons of carbon dioxide. By the
                start of 2023, the figure was roughly half that at
                around 250 gigatons of <a
                  href="https://phys.org/tags/carbon+dioxide/" rel="tag">carbon
                  dioxide</a>.
              </p>
              <p>The reduction in the estimated remaining carbon budget
                is due to a combination of continued emissions since
                2020 and updated estimates of human-induced warming.
              </p>
              <p>Professor Forster said, "Even though we are not yet at
                1.5°C warming, the carbon budget will likely be
                exhausted in only a few years as we have a triple whammy
                of heating from very high CO<sub>2</sub> emissions,
                heating from increases in other GHG emissions and
                heating from reductions in pollution.
              </p>
              <p>"If we don't want to see the 1.5°C goal disappearing in
                our rearview mirror, the world must work much harder and
                urgently at bringing emissions down. Our aim is for this
                project to help the key players urgently make that
                important work happen with up-to-date and timely data at
                their fingertips."
              </p>
              <p>Dr. Valérie Masson-Delmotte, from the Université Paris
                Saclay who co-chaired Working Group 1 of the IPCC's
                Sixth Assessment report and was involved in the climate
                indicators project, said, "This robust update shows
                intensifying heating of our climate driven by human
                activities. It is a timely wake up call for the 2023
                global stocktake of the Paris Agreement—the pace and
                scale of climate action is not sufficient to limit the
                escalation of climate-related risks."
              </p>
              <p>As recent IPCC reports have conclusively shown, with
                every further increment of global warming, that the
                frequency and intensity of climate extremes—including
                hot extremes, heavy rainfall and agricultural
                droughts—increases.
              </p>
              <p>The Indicators of Global Climate Change will have
                annually updated information on greenhouse gas
                emissions, human-induced global warming and the
                remaining carbon budget.
              </p>
              <p>The website extends a successful climate dashboard
                called the Climate Change Tracker, which was created by
                software developers who took ideas from the finance
                industry on how to present complex information to the
                public. </p>
              <p><strong>More information:</strong> Piers M. Forster et
                al, Indicators of Global Climate Change 2022: annual
                update of large-scale indicators of the state of the
                climate system and human influence, <i>Earth System
                  Science Data</i> (2023). <a data-doi="1"
                  href="https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2295-2023"
                  target="_blank">DOI: 10.5194/essd-15-2295-2023</a> </p>
              <div>
                <p><strong>Citation</strong>: Greenhouse gas emissions
                  at 'all-time high' causing unprecedented rate of
                  global warming, warn scientists (2023, June 8)
                  retrieved 8 June 2023 from
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://phys.org/news/2023-06-greenhouse-gas-emissions-all-time-high.html">https://phys.org/news/2023-06-greenhouse-gas-emissions-all-time-high.html</a>
                </p>
                <p> This document is subject to copyright. Apart from
                  any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or
                  research, no part may be reproduced without the
                  written permission. The content is provided for
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