Haiti: hunger sparks growing protests

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Four weeks after earthquake
Haiti: hunger sparks growing protests
By Bill Van Auken
9 February 2010

On Sunday, Haiti saw one of its largest protests since the January 12
earthquake, as four weeks after the disaster, frustration with
continuing hunger and homelessness mount.

Thousands of demonstrators, most of them women, marched through the
streets of Petionville, a Port-au-Prince suburb, denouncing the local
mayor, Lydie Parent, for hoarding food for resale and not distributing
it to the hungry.

A significant amount of food aid has been channeled into Haiti’s
informal markets, sold at elevated prices and clearly yielding a
profit for some officials who are in charge of its distribution.

Congregating in front of the local municipal building, the
demonstrators chanted “if the police shoot at us, we will burn
everything,” Reuters reported.

“I am hungry, I am dying of hunger,” one of the marchers told the news
agency. “Lydie Parent keeps the rice and doesn’t give us anything.
They never go distribute where we live.”

Petionville, up the mountain from the capital, has traditionally been
the preserve of Haiti’s economic elite. Shanty towns sprung up around
the walled mansions of the country’s businessmen and politicians,
however. Since January 12, one of the principal watering holes of the
well-heeled, the Petionville Club, has been transformed into the
capital’s biggest homeless encampment, where more than 40,000 quake
victims have sought refuge on the club’s nine-hole golf course.

Sent in to police this yawning social divide are 360 US combat troops
from the 82nd Airborne Division, who have set up camp around the
club’s swimming pool and restaurant.

Last Friday, former US President Bill Clinton was also met by protests
upon his return to Haiti. Hundreds gathered outside the judicial
police headquarters, the makeshift headquarters of the Haitian
government, during Clinton’s visit there with the country’s President
Réne Préval.

“Our children are burning in the sun. We have a right to tents. We
have a right to shelter,” one of the protesters, Mentor Natacha, 30, a
mother of two, told Agence France Presse.

Hundreds of others demonstrated outside the US embassy.

Clinton, who was named the United Nations special envoy to Haiti last
May, was forced to acknowledge the failure of sufficient aid to reach
the majority of the Haitian people nearly a month after the
earthquake. “I’m sorry it’s taken this long,” he said. “I’m trying to
get to what the bottlenecks are.”

Clinton also visited the Gheskio medical clinic in Port-au-Prince,
announcing the donation of various supplies by his foundation.
However, the clinic’s director, Jean William Pape, told AFP that the
facility is overwhelmed and has not received adequate aid.

“It has been huge on us because in addition to providing the care to
our HIV/AIDS patients, tuberculosis and other infectious diseases, we
have to take care of around 6,000 refugees,” said Pape. “We don’t have
enough supplies. We don’t have tents for them and the rainy season is
coming and we live in a flood area.”

According to press reports, barely 10,000 tents of the 200,000
requested by the Haitian government have arrived in the country.
Clinton said that another 27,000 would come in the next week, still
grossly inadequate to meet the massive need.

The ex-US president felt compelled to deny that he had been sent in as
a de facto colonial governor of the devastated Caribbean nation. “What
I don’t want to be is the governor of Haiti,” said Clinton. “I want to
build the capacity of the country to chart its own course. They can
trust me not to be a neocolonialist, I’m too old.”

Whatever Clinton’s personal role, his attempt at self-deprecating
humor cannot hide the fact that Washington is playing precisely the
role of a neocolonial power in Haiti. Within hours of the earthquake,
the Pentagon launched an operation that has thus far seen the
deployment of some 16,000 troops and the assumption of US military
control over the country’s airports and port facilities. US naval
warships and Coast Guard vessels have imposed a blockade off Haiti’s
shores, ensuring that any of the earthquake’s victims seeking to
escape to the US will be swiftly repatriated.

Colonel Gregory Kane, the operations officer for US Task Force Haiti,
said that US troops would remain in Haiti as long as necessary. “We
are in Haiti as long as needed and are welcomed by the government of
Haiti,” he said.

Aid groups and government officials in Europe and Latin America have
sharply questioned the US militarization of the response to the
Haitian disaster. Many blame Washington’s making the deployment of US
troops—rather than the provision of desperately needed aid—the top
priority in the first critical days following the earthquake for
increasing the death toll.

The militarization of aid and obsession with security remain clearly
in evidence nearly a month after the earthquake. This was reflected in
a report by the AFP on food distributions over the weekend.
“Surrounded by dozens of heavily-armed US soldiers, old ladies and
even young men struggled under the burning tropical sun to carry away
sacks of rice,” the news agency reported. “In another part of the city
a detachment of around a dozen Argentine troops, some enclosed in an
armored personnel carrier equipped with a turret gun, escorted a small
flat-bed truck laden with food to its destination.”

For its part, the Haitian government has appeared largely powerless
and has grown increasingly unpopular with the Haitian people. Graffiti
reading “Down with Préval,” the Haitian president, has begun appearing
with increasing frequency on walls in the capital.

President Préval, who has been virtually unseen by the population
since the quake hit, announced over the weekend, while meeting with
officials from the neighboring Dominican Republic, that the estimate
of the number of people killed in the earthquake has risen to a
quarter of a million, while 250,000 homes have been destroyed and more
than a million people are facing an urgent need for temporary shelter
with the rainy season fast approaching.

Speaking with the media on Saturday, he urged the Haitian population
to remain calm. “We understand the difficulties faced by the people
who sleep outside, homeless, we understand the frustration about food
and water distribution being difficult,” he said. “But it is in
discipline, in solidarity, in patience that we will be able to solve
the problems that confront us.”

The real class position of the Haitian regime was evident in an
interview given by the country’s Prime Minister to the Colombian daily
País. “The ones who lost the most in Haiti on January 12 weren’t the
poor, it was what was left of the middle class,” he said. “Because the
poor didn’t have houses before, and they still don’t have houses. The
middle class, which had stayed in Haiti, which had made some effort to
build a house, a small business, lost everything.”

The fact that the poor “didn’t have houses” has been cited by relief
organizations as a significant factor in the present crisis, in that
they have no means of rebuilding and nowhere to go. According to the
Catholic relief group Caritas International, 70 percent of those
displaced by the earthquake in the capital did not own their own homes
before the disaster struck.

More than half a million of these people have left Port-au-Prince,
with the encouragement of the government, to return to rural areas
from which many of the capital’s poorer layers had migrated and where
they still have relatives.

The reason that people had migrated to the capital in the first place,
however, was that they could not sustain themselves through
agriculture. Now these areas have seen a massive influx of hungry
people for which there is little or no food. Relief supplies have yet
to arrive in the rural areas, and there is growing fear that farmers
will begin using their seed supplies for food, endangering next year’s
harvest and leaving even greater hunger.

Meanwhile, the Miami Herald reported Saturday that there is a new
crisis with the emergency medical flights that bring severely injured
Haitian children to US hospitals for treatment, and that once again it
is costing lives.

Last month, the military suspended the flights after Florida Governor
Charlie Crist sent a letter to the Obama administration questioning
whether the federal government would assume responsibility for the
costs being incurred at the state’s hospitals, where most of the young
Haitian victims had been brought.

After a growing public outcry over the suspension, the Obama
administration agreed to foot the bill through the US Department of
Health and Human Services.

But now, the department has imposed such stringent eligibility
requirements for the medical flights that few patients qualify, and
those who don’t are dying in Haiti.

“They want paperwork. We don’t have paperwork,” Miami Children’s
Hospital Dr. William Muinos, who heads the pediatric unit of a field
hospital in Port-au-Prince told the Herald. “They don’t have
passports. They don’t have IDs. They don’t have homes. They don’t have
anything.”

The paper cited the case of a 15-year-old girl, Whitney Constant, who
was told she would be taken to Florida for treatment, but then was
stopped by the government requirements. Three days after she was to
have been flown out, she contracted gangrene, forcing doctors to
amputate the lower half of one leg and the foot of the other.

Another 14-year-old child died of a pulmonary embolism last Tuesday.
Doctors said she would have survived had she been evacuated. “She was
told she would leave,” said Dr. Muinos. “Within 24 hours, that promise
was denied.”

“The Department of Health and Human Services lifted the embargo on
flights but made the criteria so strict that you can’t get anybody
in,” said Elizabeth Grieg, director of the field hospital. She told
the Herald that since the flights resumed only nine of the hospitals’
patients have been accepted, six of whom had been scheduled to go out
before the military suspended them last month.

http://wsws.org/articles/2010/feb2010/hait-f09.shtml

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